Denmark Draws Red Line on Greenland

Cold War-era ‘shoot first’ rule revived amid US annexation rhetoric

January 9, 2026: Denmark has issued a strong warning over the sovereignty of Greenland after escalating rhetoric from the United States raised fears of a possible annexation or military move. On January 7, 2026, the Danish Defence Ministry confirmed that a Cold War-era military directive from 1952 remains in effect, mandating immediate armed resistance in the event of any foreign invasion of Greenland.

Under the rule, Danish and Greenlandic forces are required to “take up the fight” without waiting for political approval or formal orders from Copenhagen, even if a state of war has not been officially declared. Originally framed as a safeguard against Soviet aggression, Danish officials clarified that the policy applies to any invading force — including one from a NATO ally.

Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen sharply criticised the annexation talk, warning that a US military action against a fellow NATO member would mark the collapse of the alliance and the post-war global security framework. The tension comes amid statements from US officials questioning Denmark’s claim over Greenland, citing strategic and mineral interests. Greenland’s Prime Minister Jens-Frederik Nielsen has rejected any such claims, asserting that Greenland belongs solely to its people and Denmark, despite reports of US proposals involving financial incentives for separation.