Severe heatwave conditions in Telangana have reportedly claimed at least 16 lives due to suspected heat-related illnesses, according to state officials. The Telangana government has announced an ex gratia compensation of Rs 4 lakh for the families of the deceased as temperatures continue to remain dangerously high across the region.
Health experts warn that extreme heat is no longer just a seasonal inconvenience but a growing public health emergency.
What Is Heat-Related Illness?
Heat-related illness refers to a group of conditions that occur when the body is unable to cool itself effectively. Normally, the body regulates temperature through sweating, but excessive heat and humidity can overwhelm this natural cooling mechanism.
Conditions can range from mild heat cramps and heat exhaustion to severe heatstroke, which is considered a medical emergency.
Major Causes Of Heatstroke And Heat Illness
Experts say several factors can increase the risk of heat-related illnesses:
Dehydration
When the body loses more fluids than it replaces, sweating becomes less effective, making it harder to cool down naturally.
Prolonged Exposure To Sunlight
Working, travelling, or exercising outdoors during peak afternoon hours significantly increases the risk of heat exhaustion and heatstroke.
High Humidity Levels
Humidity prevents sweat from evaporating properly, trapping heat inside the body.
Excessive Physical Activity
Heavy labour or intense exercise in hot weather can quickly raise body temperature to dangerous levels.
Existing Health Conditions
Elderly individuals, children, pregnant women, and people with heart disease, diabetes, or kidney conditions face a much higher risk during heatwaves.
Warning Signs You Should Never Ignore
Health organisations including the WHO advise people to seek immediate medical attention if symptoms such as the following appear:
- Dizziness or fainting
- Severe headache
- Heavy sweating or sudden lack of sweating
- Nausea or vomiting
- Muscle cramps
- Confusion or slurred speech
- Extremely hot or red skin
- Body temperature above 40°C
Heatstroke can become life-threatening if not treated quickly.
7 Simple Ways To Protect Yourself During A Heatwave
Drink Water Frequently
Do not wait until you feel thirsty. Drink water regularly throughout the day to stay hydrated.
Avoid Peak Afternoon Heat
Stay indoors between 12 pm and 4 pm whenever possible, as temperatures are usually highest during these hours.
Wear Loose And Light Clothing
Choose lightweight, breathable cotton clothes in light colours to help the body stay cool.
Never Leave Anyone Inside Parked Vehicles
Children, elderly individuals, and pets should never be left inside parked cars, even briefly.
Take Frequent Cooling Breaks
Outdoor workers should rest regularly in shaded or air-conditioned areas.
Eat Light Meals
Water-rich foods like fruits, curd, and salads can help reduce body heat and improve hydration.
Check On Vulnerable Individuals
Older adults living alone, children, and outdoor labourers may not recognise heat illness symptoms early.
Why Heatwaves Are Becoming More Dangerous
Climate experts say India is experiencing longer, earlier, and more intense heatwaves due to climate change. Rising temperatures are increasing health risks across cities and rural areas alike.
Health professionals stress that basic precautions like drinking water, avoiding direct sunlight, and recognising early symptoms can save lives during extreme heat conditions.